印染工业废水处理工程设计要点

结合印染工业废水处理工程现状，提出应重视印染废水处理工程的工艺设汁，分析讨论了在印染工业废水处理工程设汁中要引起注意的三个方面问题。     

臭氧在污泥减量技术中的应用

大量的剩余污泥已成为国内外污水处理行业亟待解决的问题,因此各种物理、化学和生物方法被应用到污泥处理中,臭氧以其独特的性质从一开始应用就备受青睐.详细地说明了臭氧在污泥减量技术中应用的背景及原理,重点介绍了臭氧对污泥性质的影响,并分别从臭氧氧化技术与传统活性污泥法组合、与AO工艺组合、与膜生物反应器(MBR)组合、与磷回收工艺组合、与SBR工艺组合等角度分析了臭氧在污泥减量技术中的应用与现状、目前存在的问题及未来的发展方向.     

Decolorization and biodegradation of dye wastewaters by a facultative-aerobic process

BACKGROUND: Dye wastewater is one of the main pollution sources of water bodies in China. Conventional biological processes are relatively ineffective for color removal, the development of alternative treatment methods will become important. Our subjective was that of introducing a new biotreatment technology which combined a facultative biofilm reactor (FBR) with an aerobic reactor (AR) to treat a dye wastewater. The efficiencies of color and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal and the mechanism of dye degradation were investigated. METHODS: The anthraquinone acid dye (acid blue BRLL) concentration, organic loading rate (OLR) and hydraulic retention time (HRT) were varied in the experiments to evaluate the treatment efficiency and process stability. The biodegradation products were detected by infrared (IR) and high performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The results demonstrated that the facultative biofilm process was more effective for decolorization than the anaerobic stage of an anaerobic-aerobic process. Most color removal occurred in the facultative reaction (maximum to 88.5%) and the BOD (biochemical oxygen demand): COD of the FBR effluent increased by 82.2%, thus improving the biodegradability of dyes for further aerobic treatment. The dye concentration, OLR and HRT will be the factors affecting decolorization. Color removal efficiency falls as the influent dye concentration increases, but rises with increased HRT. The infrared and HPLC-MS analyses of the effluents of FBR and AR reveal that the dye parent compound was degraded in each reactor during the process. CONCLUSION: The Facultative-aerobic (F-A) system can effectively remove both color and COD from the dye wastewater. The FBR played an essential role in the process. The average overall color and COD in the system were removed by more than 93.9% and 97.1%, respectively, at an OLR of 1.1 kg COD m(-3) d(-1) and at the HRT of 18-20 hours in the FBR and 4-5 hours in the AR. The color removal mechanism in each reactor was not only a sort of biosorption on the floc materials, but even more an effect of biodegradation, especially in the facultative process. Recommendation and Outlook. In applying the F-A system to treat a dye wastewater, the control of facultative processes and the set up of appropriate operation conditions appear to be critical factors. Also, it is suggested a moderate COD loading rate and about a 24-hour HRT will favor the F-A system.     

铜酞菁生产中的三废综合治理及其资源化探讨

通过某铜酞菁化工生产企业三废治理及其资源化工艺改进的实践，总结出了一套行之有效的利用酸化工艺废酸的资源化新方法，不但从中回收了高价值的铜泥；同时利用废酸吸收生产工艺中的高含氨尾气，生产硫酸铵，达到了以废治废的目的，整个治理工艺符合循环经济的理念。通过该回收工艺的改进，使上述三废不再进入污水处理系统，从而解决了传统铜酞菁生产废水的高酸度、高盐分、高含氨、高难处理的矛盾，使铜酞菁三废处理易于实行。     

炼油厂轻污染水回用试验研究

针对某炼油厂轻污染废水水质情况，选用了BAF（生物曝气滤池）工艺＋SF（砂滤）工艺对该废水进行净化处理。通过试验研究，得到了BAF工艺合适的运行参数，取得了满意的试验结果。经BAF工艺处理后，出水COD和油平均浓度分别为9.78mg／L和0.24mg／L，再经SF工艺进一步去除SS后，出水SS平均浓度为3．8mg／L，系统处理出水完全达到工业回用水水质要求。试验证明：BAF工艺是一种高效的处理方法，适合炼油厂轻污染水的净化处理。     

垃圾压缩站污水的生物强化处理

垃圾压缩站污水是一种具有高COD、高NH3-N特点的有机污水.以厌氧/好氧组合工艺为基础,通过投加高效菌株对活性污泥系统进行生物强化.实验结果表明,与空白相比,厌氧出水COD去除率提高约30%,好氧出水NH3-N去除率提高约20%.最终出水COD《120 mg/L, NH3-N《25 mg/L,均达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB 8978-1996)二级排放标准.     

涤纶碱减量废水中对苯二甲酸的好氧生物降解性能研究

采用城市污水处理厂的活性污泥做菌源,在实验室条件下研究了对苯二甲酸(TA)和乙二醇(EG)的好氧生物降解性能,着重考察了EG对TA好氧生物降解性能的影响.试验结果表明,微生物以TA、EG作为惟一的碳源需要一定的驯化时间,EG作为惟一碳源的驯化时间比TA的驯化时间长.但微生物一旦被驯化,EG比TA具有较快的降解速度,当TA为1100mg/L时,其平均降解速率为27.5 mg COD/g MLSS·h,而EG为1200mg/L时,其平均降解速率达到36.7 mg COD/g MLSS·h.在相同污泥负荷条件下,TA降解的滞后期受TA浓度影响不大,TA的好氧降解不存在明显的抑制浓度.EG不会抑制TA的初级生物降解,但会抑制TA的最终生物降解.     

浅谈电镀清洁生产技术与管理

介绍了电镀行业的清洁生产技术与加强清洁生产管理。通过发展环保技术，从源头削减和技术改造来减少污染物的产生量，不断加强企业清洁生产管理，促进电镀行业实现社会效益、经济效益和环境效益的统一，走可持续发展的道路。     

铁氧电池法处理孔雀石绿的试验研究

提出了铁氧电池法处理孔雀石绿模拟染料废水的方法，研究了曝气时间、pH值、废水体积以及曝气时间与pH值的交互作用对处理结果的影响。试验结果表明，在曝气时间40min，pH=9，废水体积120mL时，COD去除率和脱色率分别达到76．5％和96．5％以上，该方法比传统的铁屑法效果大大提高，应用前景广阔。     

铁氧电池法处理孔雀石绿的试验研究

提出了铁氧电池法处理孔雀石绿模拟染料废水的方法,研究了曝气时间、pH值、废水体积以及曝气时间与pH值的交互作用对处理结果的影响.试验结果表明,在曝气时间40 min,pH=9,废水体积120 mL时,COD去除率和脱色率分别达到76 5%和96.5%以上,该方法比传统的铁屑法效果大大提高,应用前景广阔.